Rome48 The Pantheon The Pantheon (meaning "Temple of all the Gods") was originally built as a temple to the seven deities of the seven planets in the state religion of Ancient Rome. It is the best-preserved of all Roman buildings. It has been in continuous use throughout its history. h the identity of the Pantheon's primary architect remains uncertain, it is largely assigned to Apollodorus of Damascus. Since the 7th century, the Pantheon has been a Christian church.