Paris200 Deportation Memorial or Memorial to the Martyrs of the Deportation Between 1933 and 1945, the political regime established by the Third Reich, based on Adolf Hitler's theories, gave rise to a system of concentration camps, designed to imprison, deport indeed wipe out political opponents, members of the Resistance, social misfits, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, and any person who did not meet the 'criteria of the Aryan race' (Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, the handicapped, etc). As early as 1933, concentration camps were opened in Dachau and Oranienburg, and as the Reich spread across Europe, so did the camps and their Work Kommandos forming a solid network throughout the territories that had been occupied or annexed. That is how in 1941 the Natzweiler-Struthof camp, in Alsace, was created. During that same year, the genocide began, aimed primarily at the Jews and the Gypsies. At the same time, with the conflict now spreading across the globe and the war economy taking hold, the Nazi regime farmed out the deportees to German industry. They were subjected to exhausting work and unparalleled physical and mental suffering: hunger, exhaustion, beatings, torture, hangings, execution by firing squad, and medical experiments, all of which claimed a high number of victims. Many others perished during the death marches when the SS evacuated the camps, in the face of the advancing Allied armies. Jews had to bear a yellow star in Germany as well as throughout the territories that had been occupied, including inside the ghettos, internment and transit camps, up to the concentration and extermination camps. The triangle was the distinctive mark of the internees in the concentration camps. Its color pointed out the reason of their internment. A letter stated the nationality of the foreigners. A mark painted on some prisoners' backs brought them to the attention of the SS. This monument was inaugurated on April 12th 1962 by General de Gaulle, President of the French Republic, as a place of contemplation and remembrance of the suffering caused by the deportation. It was created by the architect Georges-Henri Pingusson, and depicts certain features that define the concentration camp environment: narrow passages, tight staircases, spiked gates, restricted views with no sight of the horizon, and frequent references to the triangle, the distinctive mark of the deportees.